Causes of Poverty Essay

Development Studies Assignment 4 QUESTION P everyplacety is a multi- expectted image that can be defined in various rooms. Write an essay in which you -outline this sentiment as well as distinguish between absolute and coitus impoverishment. In your discussion, provide relevant examples to expand your understanding (2 pages) -discuss any three (3) causes of destitution in trinity World countries using concrete examples (3pages) indication Study Guide, Unit 4 Regan Chapter 19Assessment evidence shows that you can define the overall innovation of poverty using relevant examples define and comp ar the concepts of absolute and relative poverty, using examples to help garnish your answer use Robert Chambers wish trap to explain how poverty is a multi faceted concept and how it has some(prenominal) causes and effects discuss three f typifyors which may cause poverty in the ordinal world. issue TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Outlining the concept of a multi-faceted poverty 3. Distinction between absolute and relative poverty 4. Discussing any 3 causes of poverty in the world 5. Conclusion 6. Bibliography1. INTRODUCTION Where poverty is organic and un remnanting, gentle rights atomic issue forth 18 eroded the natural resources base deteriorates and human dignity too often gives way to despair. Breaking the cycle of poverty is an integral pop of development in every nation UNDP annual newspaper publisher, SourceRegan 2006283. I am going to outline the multi faced poverty, discuss the causes of poverty in the Third World countries. Poverty has been stalling development in the poor countries and strategies have been developed to fight poverty against the Economic Growth. It is true that poverty is same the heat. It can only be felt when nonpargonil trains into it, thereof to explain poverty is a very vexed t train especially to someone who has never experienced it.2. OUTLINING THE CONCEPT OF A MULTI FACETED POVERTY Poverty is linked to escape of adequate pabulum, shelter, education, health, purport expectancy, sanitisation and access to safe pissing. People supporting in poverty argon often exposed to trouble treatment by governings and institutions of the state and society and atomic number 18 powerless to influence key decisions affecting their awake(p)s Regan 2006283. contempt the fact that many positive changes have happened in terms of technology, and mass communications, there seem to be still a gap between the rich and thepoor.The few rich are taking the biggest part of the riches while the biggest existence of the poor is sharing the smaller percentage of the riches, for example, In1960 the richest 20% of the worlds people shared between them 70% of the entire wealth of this planet. By the mid-90s, this figure had increased to over 85% Regan 2006281. We see a big gap there, non talking about the topical figures in the recent years. Were there is poverty there is lack of money to go to give lessons and so illiteracy leading to one failing to read information about the Economic set outth. In that understanding it becomes a cycle of poverty in which poverty refuses to escape. Population is also an different factor. When these people cut through giving birth under those same conditions. So it is important when sense of smelling at poverty to look at what really ca utilize the poverty. A well known author of Development issues, Robert Chambers, wrote about what he named the deprivation trap.In the crime syndicates described by Chamber 1983109, 110, he described the home bases that he named clusters of disadvantage. in that location is a house hold which is normally child headed after it has been affect by misfortunes like the finale of the parents or maybe the parents died of HIV and AIDS. These children leave alone be left on their own to fend for give outly separate. The oldest child there give be left to take the siblings to school, fetch them water, and get them food to eat. The household altogether is affected by a combination of parasites, disease and malnutrition. The other family is that which lives very far out-of-door from a town, somewhere remote.They dont normally get enough information on the current happenings in the outside world. If they get to travel its only to go visit a relative to ask for money or food. Even if they attend collectings, they rarely participate and are not normally seen as important in any aspect except maybe in doing those difficult jobs for paltry payments. talent an example of my rural area of Gutu in Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe, this scenario really counts when the people from my village normally provided go for political or church gatheringswhere they are just made to cook for people or just dance without any commonsense understanding. schooldayschildren from the schools surrounding my village normally are asked to do a circle of work for such functions unlike their peers in the urban are as or other bit developed areas. at that place is also a household that is vulnerable, less contingencies there is also a householdthat is ignorant, with less or no knowledge. No legal expertise. It is always exploited probably by moneylenders, politicians. Giving an example of the Zimbabwean peasant person during the 2013 harmonized elections, they would just accept any regalia from any political troupe because they wanted to find something to wear not because they love the political party.They would nevertheless take any food from any direction in a way of seeking a way to survive. There are also some areas like those people who were resettled in Zimbabwe after the shoot redistri thoion in 2000 where other families were resettled where there is no any form of communication i.e. radios, cell phones and even transport. Not mentioning schools, they are more than 10-15 kilometers from the house. At the end of the day these people have got not much entertainment thusly they end up bearing more and more children where there is no enough food to hunt the children, which leads to them suffering from malnutrition and others failing to even go to school forever since there are no schools. They end up having large families of illiterate families who will be marrying the nearest family member. Their homes are precariously balanced. With this fourfold household description, Chambers compiled what he called a deprivation trap. therefore summing all this up we go steady that somatogenic weakness, powerlessness, vulnerability, isolation and poverty do cause the cycle of poverty to never break.3. DISTINCTION BETWEEN relative AND ABSOLUTE POVERTY According to Regan 2006283, Absolute poverty is characterized by some people in other parts of the world, normally the third world lives on a $1 per day. The population gets to 1.2billion. Those who live with $2 per day add up to 2.8 billion. sex act poverty is normally when the country is deemed not to be animation within the minimum requirements. For example in Zimbabwe its now deemed normal not to have electricity or water at a certain time (high load-shedding) of which it is poverty in the developed countries. Relative poverty therefore measures what percentage of population is poor when a minimum baseline for that country is used as a yardstick.The world Bank describes poverty a series of deprivations that may include living without fundamental freedoms of action or choice lack of adequate food and shelter, education and health thoroughgoing vulnerability to ill-health, Ebonics dislocation and natural disasters being exposed to ill-treatment by thestate and society powerlessness to influence key decisions4. DISCUSSING ANY 3 CAUSES OF POVERTY IN THE WORLD There are a number of causes of poverty in the world which include dictatorship, lack of education, low wage rates, overpopulation, war, disease, floods, and natural disasters but here I am going to discuss about just 3 of them which are overpopulation, lack of education and war. a. Overpopulation Percy Bysshe Shelley, one of the finest English Romantic Poets, The rich grind the poor into abjectness and then complain that they are abject. They goad them to famine, and then hang them if they steal a sheep. Overpopulation refers to when an organisms number exceed the carrying electrical condenser of its habitat?The term usually refers to the relationship between human population and its environment, the earth. World population is presently growing by approximately 75million people per year according to the unite Nations Reports and the net growth by mid-century is predicted by the coupled Nations medium variant to be about 33million, while the low is 13million. Overpopulation in the third world countries is one of the main causes of poverty which have failed to be tackled by experts in population issues. In a poverty reduction process it has become fullly impossible to lower the population because human populatio n tends to grow at a geometrical rate while the ability to produce subsistence increases at a merely arithmetical rate hence finding ourselves in an ever-deepening spiral of suffering caused by overpopulation.The earths capacity ofcourse can absorb big numbers of people but the lend is being used for other not very necessary things instead of growing food for the number of people that is growing every second. FAO reports that by 2020, 135 million people may lose their reach as a result of soil degradation as well. The exhaustible resources are limited and cannot meet the demands of all the people especially where the rich are getting into the habit of of having more resources than required. When there is overpopulation fairly water will be limited, medical care normally will be scarce, unemployment rate increases because many habitants will be looking forward to getting jobs, shelter will be crowded. Money on its own will not be enough to sustain a certain household. Most of the earthly concern will be used to institute more houses hence reducing land for agriculture to grow crops to feed the people. In a country like Zimbabwe, prior to Robert Mugabes seizure ofthe farmland, the farmers had been using irrigation to bed with drought but during the seizures, much of the irrigation equipment was either vandalized or looted. A 2006 BBC article about Mugabes land seizure states Critics say the reforms have devastated the thrift and led to massive hunger.Much of the formerly white-owned land is no longer being productively used-either because the beneficiaries have no experience of farming or they lack finance and tools. Many farms were wrecked when they were invaded by government supporters Some argue that without religion, population will be reasonable in the sense that people will be allowed to abort for an instance. The issues of birth control have been conscientiously viewed in countries like China where overpopulation is also rife. However many childr en are being born to face malnutrition or preventable diseases as a result of lack of nutritious food and desirable medications. Hence high infant/child mortality rate There is also the issue of fresh water. If the population keeps increasing there is likely tobe less fresh water available in the world. piss deficit is also spurring grain imports in numerous smaller countries. The water tables are right away getting exhausted because of the population growth.b. Lack of Education Studies indicate that if one has little or no education, the chances of them wallowing in poverty are huge. Lack of education is another major(ip) cause of poverty in the world. Without education, one cannot go anywhere. Developing countries do have inadequate budgets when it comes to education which is affecting the majority-especially with the growing population. illiteracy is really a big player in the cycle of poverty that keeps the poor being locked in poverty as they do not have a chance to receive education. In many rural set ups, education is not treated as an important aspect in life especially in the girl child. In many occasions, you find that most children are kept from schools because they are needed at home to support their families with additional income by working. This cycle of poverty goes this way if one fails to receive education they cannot read or write, they can never listen to the radio and understand what will be talked about-such that its easier for any outsider to come and use them and abuse them because they do not have ample if any knowledge orinformation at all. Most black people do not normally think about the future, they just live on a life that is unplanned.When one fails to be well educated, it is difficult to get a good job with good salary to eradicate poverty back in their home. They end up doing menial, lowest paying jobs of which sometimes these jobs are seasonal, meaning when they are not working they just stay at home and have nothing to fe ed their family with. In the current situation in the world, tertiary education is now whats considered the best for one to get a good job. Just ending in A level or High School will not give one a desired job that has good returns. In the United States 73% of people who do not have a high school degree live in poverty. That is how bad it is. Here in Zimbabwe I can say that the lack of education is eject the economic system to the last, its also causing too much poverty because in the country like this which has been under the leadership of one person/party.There is too much corruption in the opinion government that they are offering top posts to uneducated people just because they just went to war Or maybe that they are related to so and so. They get into those offices and they start waging wars, and starving thousands while feeding their families only, failing to make their country prosperous. They start abusing the only resources that are there to help the majority of the coun try. Hence I can say that lack of education causes a lack of strong, prosperous leadership in the government and it causes a deficit of people who are willing to be well informed and willing to act on their own behalf of their own roles in all levels of government. c. War In the third world countries, they are normally characterized by wars normally fueled by civil unrests. War really causes and increases poverty in every other aspect. Not thinking only about the people who would have died during the war, there is a need to think about the families that would have been left by these people who would have died in the war.What will they eat? And in a normal war situation infrastructure is destroyed i.e. schools, houses, hospitals, roads and even any other types of shelter. That means there are going to be homeless children, adults, no schools to learn in, increasing the poverty. There will be a need to get funds/money to build the infrastructure. Talking about clean and safe water as well, normally after the war the water will be polluted with thechemicals, if there is any water at all. War really affects the economy in a big way because the material and human destruction caused by it is a major development problem. Coming to give an example of Iraq, the only fight over oil caused the whole economy to crumble.The roads became dilapidated, the health sector went down. There had to be help to be sent through the United Nations to start on the economy. In Zimbabwe in the post war era around 1980, there had to be pumped out money to start building, of which, in a poor country like Zimbabwe it is difficult to source funds. Some never recovered from that that they never even decided to go back to school again making it impossible to tighten poverty in their land.5. CONCLUSION Poverty has got many causes in the world but according to what I have discussed above, there can never be total poverty reduction in the whole world. This poverty topic also makes it clear that it is difficult to separate causes, effects and characteristics of poverty. The are many ways of poverty reduction, like farming, building dams, creation of employment, prioritizing education. The biggest goal is to reduce poverty through development strategies. Having used the Human Poverty Index and other socio-economic indicators it explores critical features of wealth and poverty divide.6. BIBLIOGRAPHY Regan 2006. 8020, Development in an unequal world Percy Bhsseye Shelley, Romantic Poet United Nation Report Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) Essay on the Principle of Population Paul R. Ehrlich (1968) The Population Bomb